Can My Student’s Facebook or Twitter Posts Affect College Admission

With so many teenagers active on social media sites, you may be wondering, â€Å"Can Facebook or Twitter posts affect my child’s chances of getting into a college?† Or you may ask, "Do colleges really look at Facebook?" According to a 2012 survey by Kaplan Test Prep, 27% of college admissions officers used Google and 26% used Facebook to search applicants. In addition, 30% of admissions officers reported finding information that negatively impacted a student’s chances of admission. Considering these statistics, should you and your child worry about the digital footprint that colleges could be viewing? The New York Times article, â€Å"They Loved Your G.P.A. Then They Saw Your Tweets,† talks about various outlooks on the issue. The New York Times found that most admissions officers claim to not perform research on applicants without reason, but sometimes students specifically request them to check out something they’ve posted online. In addition, if a college receives tips that there might be a problem, they will â€Å"Google† students to verify information. There is nothing preventing this research from being used in the admissions decision process, and colleges aren’t required to disclose whether social media posts were a factor in their denial from a school. With this information in mind, it’s a good idea for your child to maintain a mature online profile, just in case. The way your student presents himself or herself online doesn’t only affect college applications, but it can also impact the possibility of earning a job later after graduation. Here are a few tips for helping your child create an appealing digital footprint that will impress college admissions officers instead of driving them away: 1. Search your student on Google The results that pop up when you Google search your child’s name will be very similar to what an admissions officer would see if they were to do the same. Seppy Basili, Kaplan Test Prep’s Vice President says students should, â€Å"†¦be aware of what information is available about them online, and know what’s online is open to discovery and can impact them.† 2. Create a mature email address Many teenagers have email addresses that could use some updating. According to the New York Times, using an email address like â€Å"john.doe@email.com,† instead of â€Å"jd0g97yo@email.com† can show an admissions officer that your student is a mature adult, ready for college. 3. Use the â€Å"Grandma test† The Brown Daily Herald has another great article about social media affecting admissions decisions, and one of the big tips they offer is to perform the â€Å"Grandma test† on social media interactions. This means that your child shouldn’t post anything online if they wouldn’t be okay with their grandmother seeing it. Teach your child about the importance of watching what he or she posts on social media sites, because colleges can easily access that information. Editor’s Note: This content was originally published in December 2009 and has been completely revamped and updated for accuracy and comprehensiveness.

School Violence - 1125 Words

Finding a Solution to School Violence Anita Lopez Kaplan University CM-220 School is a place where children should go to learn, educate themselves, make lifelong friends and most importantly they should feel safe. The violence in schools has increased over the years and many schools aren’t sure how to handle this growing problem in an appropriate manner. School violence may come in various forms and some of the most common forms of school violence include physical abuses, bullying, brawl and verbal abuses but the most common forms are physical abuses and bullying. Schools administrators and teachers should deal with each situation individually, they should give a good amount of time and effort into finding a suitable solution to a†¦show more content†¦Suspensions can lead to delinquency because some of the students may end up dropping out of school. The risk of subsequent violence increases when violent students are transferred repeatedly from one school to another (Finley, 2011). Students that drop out of school because of expulsion or sus pension are more likely to associate with deviant peers because they have more unstructured time and this can become another problem. Schools should take proactive approaches when dealing with school violence, but mediating in conflicts and counselling indiscipline students are just reactive measures that may end up doing very little to end school violence (Finley, 2011). The success or failure of counseling and mediation also depends on the qualifications and training of the people in charge of such programs. As the saying goes â€Å"it takes a village to raise a child†, it will be a great deed for all of society to help with this ongoing problem of school violence. It is in a parent’s best interest to play a big role in their child’s life. A child learns from examples and by watching as others do. A collective effort that includes parents, teachers and school administrators and the entire community is needed to effectively deal with the problem of school violence. School violence is to a large extent influenced by parents, but most of the blame is normally put onShow MoreRelatedSchool Violence And Schools Violence2781 Words   |  12 PagesSchool violence has become a topic that many people are engaged in a debate about. It is difficult to make a definitive definition of school violence, because there are so very many components to it. For one thing, we can be sure that school violence and bullying is something that only takes place amongst peers; this type of violence typically does not involve adults, and happens as a result of interactions from school or within the peer group. This part of the definition seems obvious. However,Read MoreSchool Violence2444 Words   |  10 PagesSchool Violence Victoria Griffin Fayetteville State University The Importance to Be Aware Of School Violence in Education Today By Victoria Griffin December 1, 2014 Abstract: The importance of knowing about school violence, the cause of school violence, forms of school violence and they ways teacher can prevent school violence was observed. A recent act of school violence is announced and the content of why it is important for teachers to be aware of school violence. School violenceRead MorePrevention of School Violence717 Words   |  3 Pages Violence is a major issue in educational institutes. Over the years, school violence has continued to increase at an alarming rate. â€Å"Every year, 3 million young people in the United States fall victim to crimes at school. Almost 2 million of these incidents involve violence† (â€Å"The Challenge of School Violence†). Violence in schools must be prevented. Teachers and parents play a significant role in a student’s life, and they need to take a full on approach on having a healthy relationship with eachRead MoreThe Problem Of School Violence886 Words   |  4 Pages The somewhat recent event of Sandy Hook has been a major focus of debate among any serious discussion about school violence in America. Yet, just since Columbine, there has been over 100 school shootings, not including stabbing, rape, or even fist fights (in which there was serious injury or death). Despite this unprecedented level of aggression among our nation’s youth, the nation, in its entirety, has not dedicated an appropriate amount of time and energy to coming up with a solution. The bulkRead MoreSchool Violence Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesPreventing school violence has been an issue in our society for so long it has almost become commonplace. According to an article on www.infoplease.com, since the year 2000, there have been a recorded 64 shooting related incidents that involved publicly occupied areas. That is an occurrence of almost five per year. Of those 64, 94% of these incidents were school related shootings. The violence goes from elementary schools all the way up to college universities. The statistics are not pretty by anyRead MoreSchool Violence2187 Words   |  9 PagesSchool Violence Violence in schools has spread widely throughout the nation. School violence is a big problem we are facing now. This has caused many problems among students, families’ faculty of schools and residents of the community. School violence includes gang activity, locker thefts, bullying and intimidation, gun use, assault, and drugs. In my paper I will discuss the reasons why violence in schools exists, describeRead MoreThe Violence Of Public Schools871 Words   |  4 PagesIn recent times, several mass shootings have occurred in several places. Sadly, public schools in America have been venues for these mass shootings. How do we reduce these shootings? How do we ensure that the lives of our kids are safe? These are the questions parents all over America are asking. A lot of suggestions have been made to the government concerning the issue of mass shootings. Some say government have to ban the purchase of guns, others say there should be background checks, while othersRead M oreEssay on School Violence837 Words   |  4 Pagesclassmates and one teacher. School violence changes our youths morals. From bullying to peer pressure, youth are exposed to school violence everyday. What is school violence? School violence varies from accounts of â€Å"death, homicide, suicide, weapon related violence, in the US.† (c1) School violence can occur to and from school, while attending a school sponsored event, on a bus, or at an activity. Violence in school goes back to the 1800s’. The first publicly funded schools for delinquents was builtRead More Essay on Gender and School Violence1060 Words   |  5 Pagesmost recent acts of violence by children have prompted us as a nation to look at the causes and possible solutions to this crisis in our schools. In fact, according to Public Agenda, a national organization that conducts public opinion research on educational issues, school safety was identified as the most important issue affecting schools by those surveyed (Johnson Immerwahr, 1994/1995). Yet school violence does not exist in a vacuum. It is directly related to the violence in our society. AndRead More School Violence Essay2056 Words   |  9 PagesSchool violence has become a matter of increasing concern in recent years. With the occurrence of incidents such as Columbine, more schools are becoming aware of and concerned with a rise in teenage/school violence. Violence is a broad term to define but in it’s simplest terms, can be defined as â€Å"a verbal, visual, or physical act intended to demean, harm, or infringe upon another’s civil rights,† (Kopka, 175). In 1977, the National Alliance for Safe Schools was founded by Peter Blauvelt. This

Everyday Use Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 335 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? In Alice Walkers Everyday Use, the three main characters are necessary in revealing the underlying concepts of the story. The critic Timothy Sexton asserts that the older daughter, Dee, is the embodiment of the struggle for a unifying identity (par. 4). In contrast with Dee, the critics Houston A Baker, Jr. and Charlotte Pierce-Baker consider Maggie to be a guardian of history, or griot (164). On the other hand, David White describes Mama as having an inherent understanding of heritage, something less apparent among the two children (par. 3). Dee, Maggie, and Mama serve as artistic representations of the various aspects of African Americans culture and heritage. In addition, they are our creative guide to understanding the identity struggles that African Americans faced during that time period. Dee is a selfish and egotistical character with a superficial understanding of her inheritance. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Everyday Use Analysis" essay for you Create order She characterizes the confusion and misguidance of young African Americans in the late 60s and 70s. This is apparent in her interactions with her mother and sister. As Sexton notes, Dee considers herself as cultured, and beyond the abased quality of the lives lived by her mother and sister (par. 3). She makes her feelings clear when she attempts to take the quilts Mama had promised to Maggie: Maggie cant appreciate these quilts shed probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use (Walker, 103). By using the quilts for purposes other than their original intent she believes that she is respecting her heritage, but this is not the case: her desire to put them on display is really not quite so different from the white capitalist cashing in on ethnic artworks (Sexton, par. 4) Not only is she conforming to the worst of American ideals, but she is rejecting and disrespecting her own cultural heritage all under the pretenses of preserving it. It is in this sense that she is the embodiment of the struggle for a unifying identity, because she has not yet come to understand her place in society as both an African and an American

Great Britain And Our Colonies - 1685 Words

Welcome fellow colonists, we are gathered here to discuss the issue about Great Britain and our colonies. In recent events, Patriots have felt that Great Britain was being unfair towards us and were putting themselves before us. This is not true. On behalf of the Loyalists, I believe that we should not break away from Britain, and we should stay loyal to them, as they were to us. We come from the almighty nation of Great Britain that allowed us freedom and saved us multiple times. The King permitted us to journey here based on our wish. We should praise him for that as he is ready to accept us back after all we have done towards him, such as humiliating his soldiers and violating his property and goods. Great Britain was the â€Å"hero† of many wars that were fought against enemies, and they keep this nation stabilized with supplies and weapons. We should not break away from Great Britain because we cannot defend ourselves without them, we have to pay back our debt towards the King, and we should stay loyal to our homeland. Great Britain, the strongest nation in the world, is our divine protector. They defend us against enemies in war. We had invaded the West, and the French and Indians who owned that land grew angry and unstable. Their land was expansive and our intentions were pure. The struggle between us cultivated, and a war soon began. We called upon Great Britain to aid us and they arrived with their brave troops. They were the reason we won the war and did not getShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Thomas Paines Common Sense909 Words   |  4 Pagesdeclaring independence from Britain and revolution. Many of the colonists are unhappy with how the British government was treating them and they had valid reasons to be unhappy, but the declaring independence from Britain would not be beneficial to the colonies and its people. In section three of Common Sense, Paine says â€Å"I challenge the warmest of advocate for reconciliation to show a single advantage that this continent can reap by being connected with Great Britain.† And â€Å"not a single advantageRead MoreAmerican History: Revolution Causes Essay704 Words   |  3 Pagesdefend our rights. As rebellion struck in Massachusetts on April 19th, 1775.Those first few shots that were made at Lexington and Concord proved what the both of us wanted. Many hoped for the rebellion to die out but it unfortunately did not. Battles proceeded with it and more and more people were separating in their different ways. There were four main options that started to arise, but out of all of them defending our rights is the best. By doing this we are not going against Her (Great Britain)Read MoreThomas Paine s Political Pamphlet925 Words   |  4 Pageswriting for the American colonists who were unsure if they wanted to split their ways with Great Britain, o r not. Throughout the political pamphlet Paine argues that the colonist were not dependent on Great Britain. He makes powerful points regarding how the American colonies would interact if they were still together with Great Britain. Paine also uses the location and size of Great Britain and the American colonies to aid in strengthening the case for independence. Many political influences such as ThomasRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The Declaration Of Independence1624 Words   |  7 Pagesit gained us our true freedom. It was a document that was written and signed on July 4th, 1776. The men that signed such as George Washington and Thomas Jefferson told the colonists that this was a sign of them splitting from Great Britain and becoming an independent nation thus being called the United States of America. The document was then sent over to Great Britain for King George to read. This possibly could have caused even more hostility between the colonists and Great Britain because of ho wRead MoreWhat Was The Cause Of The American Revolution?1705 Words   |  7 PagesBritain’s selfish action that made the American colonies suffer from Britain s problem. 3: The Americans were not being sensible and unwilling to compromise for the greater good. 1: Britain, what do you mean by compromise? 3: After the French-Indian war, we were in need of money because our funds were spent helping the Indians. Because of the grave debt that we were in, we decided that we would tax the colonies in order for us to regain some of our economic prowess. 2: Speaking on behalf of AmericaRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense1591 Words   |  7 Pagesfavor of a monarchy to rule over Britain because, he states, â€Å"†¦there is something ridiculous in the composition of a monarchy.† Paine’s ideal form of government would be a representative democracy that gives roughly equal weight to each colony. He also says that the sole purpose of a government is to protect life, liberty, and property, and a government should solely be judged on the extent to which it accomplishes these goals. Paine believes that Britain has never really been a part of aRead MoreEssay on Revolutionary characters1294 Words   |  6 Pagescommercially based society. Now this process helped shaped the colonies culture of â€Å"civility† because the colonists were never hunters. When the colonists got to the North America they already knew that their society was going to stem from agriculture. That is what happened in the southern colonies. These colonies produced tobacco, indigo, and rice. Then after a large period of agricultural growth in the southern colonies the northern colonies started to produce raw materials to trade back to EnglandRead MoreAnalysis of Paines Common Sense and Chalmers Plain Truth: A Reflection of Sentiments Regarding Independence815 Words   |  3 Pagesperiod in our nations history. The thirteen colonies were not of one mind on the subject of whether or not they wanted independence from England. There were strong opinions to support views on either si de. As we can see by looking closely at each of these primary sources, emotions ran high on both sides. Thomas Paine Paines viewpoint is stated strongly and unequivocally. He believes that the only way the thirteen colonies can thrive is to obtain their independence from Great Britain. He statesRead MoreWhat the Stamp Act Really Meant Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe central thesis of my paper is the Stamp Act and how it was brought about and what it meant to the American Colonies. As well as why it was necessary. February 6th, 1765 George Grenville came forth in Parliament to propose his Stamp Bill. Not knowing that it would forever be a significant part of history. The Act was a tax on every piece of printed paper the colony used. Including, legal documents, licenses, and even playing cards. The tax also had to be paid with British currency. Colonial paperRead MoreAnalysis of Thomas Paine ´s Pamphlet, Common Sense846 Words   |  3 PagesRevolutionary War. Common Sense, a pamphlet, can be credited as to inciting the American Colonies to revolt against Great Britain. However, how could a mere pamphlet concerning such a complex and complicated issue ignite The United States to a major turning point? By focusing on trade sanctions imposed on the United States by Great Britain and insisting the United States could have a better Navy than Great Britain while writing in an easy to read style that emphasizes key words by capitalizing or italicizing

Living Morally Is Important And Essential To Enacting Moral

Living morally is important and essential to enacting moral decisions in every facet of life. Immanuel Kant created three maxims that emphasize stringent moral duties that every human must adhere to in order to be as morally perfect as possible. Conversely, Susan Wolf argues that morality is fundamentally achieved through a unification in rational and flexible moderation. Wolf further exclaims that being too moral would diminish other qualities necessary to lead a full moral life. Following absolute moral duties or a â€Å"code,† may be objectionable to many by denying oneself of being truly moral and benefiting the greatest number in society. In Wolf’s essay â€Å"Moral Saints,† she examines the issues of an absolute rigid moral code advocated†¦show more content†¦These maxims are unifying moral laws to provide one with tools for enacting moral duty through one’s actions. While these laws emphasize the importance of rationality, consistency, resp ectability and impartiality necessary to live a moral life, Kant’s moral views transcend all contexts and all societies denying any room for deviation within moral reason and lacking any formidable middle ground. By only providing hard truths to these three maxims, Kant counters one’s happiness in opposition to morality. Moreover, when utilizing Kantian ethics, one is exerting cognitive efforts to arrive at a rationalized moral conclusion, thus having â€Å"one thought too many† (Wolf 431). Kant’s moral duties have no limit to the extent that one may follow, thus they may dominate one’s life as one strives perpetually to become further virtuous. Susan Wolf opens her essay â€Å"Moral Saints,† by stating, â€Å"I don’t know whether there are any moral saints. But if there are, I am glad that neither I nor those about whom I care most are among them† (Wolf 419). Wolf clearly demonstrates her position on the matter of moral saints , individuals who derive every motivation of actions by being as morally good as possible. Wolf objects that a â€Å"moral saint† can lead a healthy life and live happily while doing so. Instead, a moral saint lacks the ability to enjoy the enjoyable in life, and this ideal sainthood is conflicting as desiresShow MoreRelatedEntrapment in South Africa2426 Words   |  10 Pagesaccused has committed the crime but that they deserve to be convicted and ultimately punished for it. Thus it can be argued that the purpose of the criminal trial is to arrive at what can be considered a morally legitimate verdict by all. Entrapment can give rise to a verdict losing its moral legitimacy. For instance in the case of S v Maslangho , a white woman, a trap, begged a 23 year old black kitchen aide, a first time offender, to buy her marijuana. She claimed the drug dealer would not sellRead MoreBiomedical Ethics: Cloning and Sales of Organs3677 Words   |  15 Pages†¦asexual reproduction which is accomplished by taking genetic material from a human somatic cell (a cell having a complete set of chromosomes obtained from a living or deceased human organism at any stage of development) into a fertilized or unfertilized oocyte whose nucleus has been or will be removed or inactivated in order to produce a living organism. There are three primary techniques used for cloning and those are stated to include the following techniques: (1) Embryo splitting  --- This involvesRead MoreBiomedical Ethics: Cloning and Sale of Organs4459 Words   |  18 Pagesâ€Å"†¦asexual reproduction which is accomplished by taking genetic material from a human somatic cell (a cell having a complete set of chromosomes obtained from a living or deceased human organism at any stage of development) into a fertilized or unfertilized oocyte whose nucleus has been or will be removed or inactivated in order to produce a living organism.† There are three primary techniques used for cloning and those are stated to include the following techniques: (1) Embryo splitting --- This involvesRead MoreSocial Problems Among Youth in Malaysia9333 Words   |  38 Pageswebsites lower the moral values of the youth. Friends are important supporter to the youth. For instance, the youth meet their friends almost every day at school, university and workplace and often go out with friends. The youth prefer to share their problems, hobbies, happiness and sadness with their close friends. Therefore, friends are the subjects who influence the youth in making decision. Besides, they also influence the youth’s thinking and behavior. If their friends have low moral values, the youthRead More Ethical And Legal Aspects On Organ Transplantation Essay6401 Words   |  26 Pagesleaving the lower income families playing the waiting game and praying that the gift of life comes their way. I emphasize that policy cannot imply in any way that organs are given to those who have the great financial means; this would just not be morally or ethically right. The Internet provides the public with an abundance of references on organ transplantation. Given the strong emotional nature of the issue, the sites, whether they be individuals, organizations, or coalitions do not take positionsRead MoreTorture and Custodial Violence in Prisons12554 Words   |  51 Pageseven if done for a greater good? Where to draw the line between the autonomy of the police and the rights of the prisoners ? Basic Structure – * Human Rights- Importance, protection, NHRC’s role, International law,State, District. Why are they important? * What is the root problem? * Definition of Torture/ custodial violence. Is it abstract or discretionary? * Why is the government so cynical about protecting the rights of prisoners who evidently have broken the law and might as well doneRead Moretheme of alienation n no where man by kamala markandeya23279 Words   |  94 Pagestime. Her second attempt at burial occurs at noon the following day, when Antigone is apprehended. She is convicted and kept overnight in a cell. The next morning she is taken to a cave, her place of entombment. On Thebes: Thebes was the most important city of Boeotia, on mainland Greece. It was one of the chief city-states of ancient Greece, after Athens and Sparta. Sophocles described it as â€Å"the only city where mortal women are the mothers of gods.† According to Greek legends, the city was foundedRead MoreA Theoretical Perspective on Dowry Deaths in India22724 Words   |  91 Pagesdoused with kerosene or gasoline, a human being’s first feeling is sharp cold. Instantaneously, aided by one’s own body heat, the kerosene evaporates by drawing out the young wife’s warmth. The match is thrown. She bursts into a ball of flames. A living human being, with a warm body, full of love, hope, and trust towards what should have been a new and exciting phase in her life – a life terminated in its prime – all for a motor car, a scooter, a bicycle, a refrigerator, or a television. This isRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 Page sGeneral notes on the Medical Model The Organisation is not well Structure of the Medical Model Description Analysis/Diagnosis Options Prescription/Recommendation Action Concluding theoretical commentaries Abstract References Presenting a Case Report Important Notes for Writing Your Own Case Study Space for Doodles, Marginal Notes, Aimless Scribblings, Love Letters and Shopping Lists 31 32 48 48 49 49 50 51 52 53 54 57 58 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 66 68 69 Page iv Please doRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesJoanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst

Service Users Perspective Critically free essay sample

In this essay I want to carefully examine a broad range of issues concerning elderly people in contemporary British society today. In particular I will want to focus on Residential homes and Older People in Community Care services. I will define residential homes and explain how they have become established from the Poor Law workhouses until present day. I will also discuss relevant government legislation with the viewpoints of older people’s pressure groups and the service users who use residential homes. I will try and suggest changes that could be made in social policy that could help advantage retired and elderly people in this the twenty-first century. There are two types of homes for older people in contemporary society, residential homes and nursing homes. Residential care is highly an important source of accommodation for old people, who even with domiciliary support cannot manage to live in their own homes, but who still do need intensive nursing care. We will write a custom essay sample on Service Users Perspective Critically or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Grundy and Arie (in Tinker 1992:161) have suggested that residential care is needed for those who need round-the-clock support and live alone. Current provisions which stem from the 1948 National Assistance Act require local authorities to provide: ‘residential accommodation for persons who by reason of age, infirmity or any other circumstances are in need of care which is not otherwise available to them’ (CPA, 1996). Residential care: consist of respite care, short stay and full time residential care. A residential home is expected to provide both personal care and accommodation. A residential home is a means of providing extra support to people who are not able to cope with their illness or disabilities, even after the support from home care services (O’Kell, 1995). An estimated three million people live in homes, a figure that is likely to rise by more than 180 per cent in the next 50 years as the average age of the population rises. Local authority, private and the voluntary sector provide homes; however there has been a dramatic shift towards private provision, but the proportion of elderly people in residential care has remained constant. In the last fifty years the development of the major voluntary agencies: Centre for Policy on Aging (1997), Age Concern (1997), Helped the Aged (1962), The National Corporation of the Care of Old People (1947) have made significant ontributions to elderly care service (Tossell and Webb 1994). On the other hand, nursing homes provide the latter along with registered nurses for older people who need care for medical purposes. Even though homes provide support and care for older people, they are often criticised as being institutions that are a form of social exclusion and social control. However, provisions f or older people have moved on dramatically from the days of the workhouse where older people who could who could not support themselves were placed. (Peace et al, 1997). Under the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act, workhouses were established. This was to ensure that people who experienced extreme poverty, for example, the disabled, sick people, children and old people had indoor relief and were required to work in order to be accommodated. Even though the workhouse provided people with shelter, they were stigmatised as harsh, strict and degrading places that incurred individuals to be segregated from the rest of the society. This policy was arguably a form of social control and social exclusion as the rest of society did not want to see these people on the streets due to the Victorian snobbery of the era. In response, the government decided it was best to isolate the poor from the rest of the society by placing them in workhouses. (Peace et al, 1997). The birth rate is the number of live births born in England per 1000 per year. The number of live births in 2002 was 669 thousand. It has decreased in the last 100 years because 100 years ago, parents had many children, family sizes of 8 and 9. This was important in them days, as the parents would rely on their children to look after them, when they got older and for the children to go out to work. Nowadays family sizes are smaller, averaging couples, having babies later on in life, as women are wanting careers, also having children later on in life, therefore limiting how long they have got to conceive. Attitudes have changed over the years also; it is the ‘norm’ to have fewer children than 100 years ago. According to statistics of the 1909 Royal Commissions of the Poor Laws report showed that 150, 000 older people were residing in workhouses due to extreme poverty and need for financial support. This resulted in half of the workhouse population of this period due to decreasing mortality rates and increasing rate of life expectancy. This eventually influenced and lead to the 1908 Old Age Pensions Act. However, older people remained in poverty as the state pension was very low and it could be argued that this was an inadequate provision for older people. (Means et al. 2008). After the Second World War, there were critical inequalities in the society such as the rich and the poor divide. The Labour government then came into power in 1945 and created their policies, they were influenced by the 1942 Beveridge report, which stated that a system should be created called ‘cradle to grave’ so that an equal society can be created and eliminate the suffering caused by poverty. Their aim was to make society better and fairer for people with disadvantages such as vulnerable groups, young children and older people etc, (Blakemore 2003, p. 54). Many may argue that the workhouse is a disadvantage to older people. This can be reinforced by the Nuffield survey, a report created in 1947 on institutions. It reflected on the sufferings of older people in the environment and restrictive regime of the workhouse. The Minister of that time then introduced 1947 National Assistance Bill. The workhouses were then closed down and the residential homes were established, as residential homes could meet the needs of older people in a better way and it was more beneficial for them. (Peace et al 1997). Care homes should provide a quality of service meeting the needs of the residents as in a normal setting. However, the institutionalised nature of the care has many negative impacts on the residents’ as they perceive it is as negative form of care and a service denying independence, autonomy, privacy, power and other principle of human rights. Elderly are abused and neglected in some care homes while large proportions of staff caring for them are untrained and incompetent in caring. Funding for elderly care is major issue, on one extreme elderly are being forced to pay for care and on the other local authorities struggle to manage service within their budget. # A good definition of community care can be found in the 1989 White Paper on community care, Caring for People, which stated that â€Å"community care means providing the right level of intervention and support to enable people to achieve maximum independence and control over their own lives. For this aim to become a reality, the development of a wide range of services provided in a variety of settings is essential. These services form part of a spectrum of care, ranging from domiciliary support provided to people in their own homes, strengthened by the availability of respite care and day care for those with more intensive care needs, through sheltered housing, group homes and hostels where increasing levels of care are available, to residential care and nursing homes and long-stay hospitals for those for whom other forms of care are no longer enough† (Department of Health, 1989, p. ). The White Paper suggests the key components of community care are services which respond sensitively and flexibly to the needs of individuals and their carers, allow a range of options for consumers, do not intervene more than is necessary and concentrate upon those with the greater needs. The White Paper proposed seven key changes. Many of these changes involved more responsibility being put on the local authorities. They would now be responsible, firstly, for assessing individual needs and securing their delivery within available resources. Secondly, they would be expected to produce and publish clear plans for the development of community care services and will also be expected to show that they are making maximum use of the independent sector. Local authorities are also responsible for financial support of people in private and voluntary homes. Furthermore, local authorities are to encourage independent sector care homes. The local authority pays more from its own funds for people cared in its own homes. Moreover, the responsibility for inspecting all residential homes rests with the local authority. Finally, local authorities were given a special grant to promote the development of social care for seriously ill mental people. This is especially important for older people with senile dementia, as social services expenditure for people with mental health problems was often only a very small part of a local authorities budget. # These reforms involved making some legal changes, and thus the National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990 was passed. Included in this act were objectives to be achieved by community care as well as by organisational arrangements by which these could be achieved.

Structure of the TV and Video Industry free essay sample

This essay will focus on the structure of the channels the BBC and ITV, which will give the reader an understanding of the structure of the television and video industry in the UK. This essay will be split up into three parts; the details of ownership and income, systems and technologies, and their regulations as well as discussing the success of both companies. Details of Ownership and Income In the television sector, there are one of two types of broadcasters; commercial and public service broadcasters. A public service broadcaster is a non-profit public television network. An example of this sort of TV channel would be the BBC which is run by John Reith and George Villiers. The service is viewed widely through the UK and is paid for through the TV licence fees making it a national company, but it is also broadcasts in some other countries. The fee is paid for by every household that has a television. All the money which is generated goes straight to the company and is put forward into bettering their service of entertainment. They also generate money through merchandise, DVD and programme sales on their online shop. Public service broadcasters have a duty to show certain things on their channels as they are put in place for all of the public. Their remit is to entertain and inform the audience as well as educate them. This compares to commercial broadcasters which are independent and have no duty except to entertain, even if the shows they choose to air have no beneficial effect on their audience. Commercial broadcasters are independent broadcasting companies that rely on advertising slots on their channel for profit, unlike public service broadcasters which rely on TV Licence fees. They do not often air educational TV shows as they know a lot of the public are interested in being entertained, rather than learning. The public will often choose watch shows which do not require them to think too hard, but to just sit back and relax. ITV is a prime example of a commercial broadcaster and is owned by numerous different companies such as ITV Public Limited Television, STV Group PLC, UTV Media and ITV1 Channel Television. It is a national company as it is aired only in the UK and relies on advertising for most of its revenue, although it does generate money through merchandising, programme sales and DVD sales on their online shop. They sell numerous different products such as series box sets of shows they have aired and even gift items such as coffee mugs and calendars. They air a number of very successful entertaining shows such as I’m a Celebrity: Get Me Out Of Here, The X Factor and Britain’s Got Talent. All three of these programmes have made huge sums of money for the channel. The way they earn money through these shows is by the advertising slots in between the programmes. For example, this is how it would work. In order to air a specific show, ITV have an agreement with SycoTV which is the company behind the programs The X Factor and Britain’s Got Talent to air their programmes. Advertisers approach ITV and buy out advertising slots in order to reach their preferred target audience and this generates a large amount of advertising revenue for the channel. It is said that ITV had made around ? 75 million revenue through advertising during the X Factor as well as the live show phone-ins last year (Source). Britains Got Talent has also been said to be bringing in huge sums of money for the channel, for example last year in the final a 30 second ad spot had cost around ? 120,000(Source). I’m A Celebrity is also a huge hit with the public which is proven by the figures. Since first launching in 2002 up until 2009 ITV has made around ? 170 million pounds in global revenue (Source). Television changed a great deal in 1990 when the Conservative Government passed the 1990 Broadcasting Act which led to the 5th analogue channel in the UK (Channel 5) and the growth of multi channel satellite television. The act also stated the BBC needed to buy in at least 25% of its output from independent production companies instead of making all of its output in house. This act enabled BSkyB to grow in Great Britain. The Act has split opinion in Britain. Some see it as a massive expansion in choice but some see it as a big dumbing down of programmes and say that technical standards and other standards are no longer monitored and enforced so strongly. It has certainly enabled Rupert Murdoch’s company News Corporation to grow massively in terms of horizontal integration – the increase of the market share eg. News corporation taking over MySpace, although his company was stopped from expanding further in Great Britain by the white paper of 1995 which stopped them from buying Channel 5. Systems and Technologies Broadcasting in the UK is quite complex as many broadcasters have different ways of transmitting their channels. The first five channels of British television (BBC 1, BBC 2, ITV, Channel 4 and FIVE) are available to any home in the UK as analogue channels, as long as they pay their licence fee. Analogue TV is slowly dying out and will officially be stopped transmitting in 2012 since the introduction of more modernised means of receiving channels has been developed. There are advantages as well as disadvantages due to the fact that it will be shut off soon. Firstly, it will benefit the UK economy as a whole by convincing people to turn to options such as digital, satellite and cable TV which all cost money in comparison to free-to-vie analogue. It will also increase digital terrestrial television (DTT) reception in areas all over the UK that were unable to reach signals before due to spectrum. limitations. It will then offer more space as analogue takes up about a third of the spectrum which can also be used to increase signal reach in some areas and also make room for new services too. As well as this, it will give viewers a wider variety of channels to watch and reduce costs for broadcasters that would have had to pay more to transmit services in both formats. The downsides of the switching off analogue will mostly affect homes in the UK as they will be the people who will have to start paying for different means of watching TV. As well as affecting domestic settings, they will also be affecting non-domestic settings such as hospital’s and TV rental businesses who rely on analogue TV. Having to make the switch from analogue to digital will be difficult in hospitals as they will not only need new TV sets, but will also have to pay for new Freeview TV set top boxes for their patients. It also means that TV rental businesses will not be able to provide analogue TV’s anymore as they will have no use, cutting back their income. As well as this, some areas may even need new roof top aerials installed, totalling up to a large sum of money to make the switch. As Digital televisions such as Freeview offer a handful of more channels, but require a one off payment. There is also satellite which is currently the most popular type of TV broadcasting, with services such as Sky (BSkyB). They require a monthly subscription service and use communication satellites in space to transmit the channels to Sky set top boxes. This makes their services much more reliable compared to digital and analogue, but also has its own downside. As the signals are received from space, bad weather in certain areas can interrupt signals. This is where cable television would be useful as its service relies on radio frequency signals that are transmitted through fixed optical fibres or coaxial wires meaning that a reliable signal is expected. The BBC is transmitted through all types of television from analogue, digital, satellite and cable. It is yet to be fully digital as this change will happen in 2012 when the digital switchover from analogue will take place. The BBC is also broadcast to the internet on ‘BBCiPlayer’ which is basically a sort of catch-up on all the programmes the BBC have shown in the past 6 days, excluding programmes shown earlier on in the current day, but do offer the public a live service which allows them to view what is currently on air. As well as allowing the public to see television programmes, they even include recent radio programmes. As the internet is now available on a range of different devices, from mobile phones to games consoles as well as laptops and computers, this means that their services will now reach a wider audience, creating a beneficial effect for the BBC as a public service as they are attainable almost anywhere. ITV is much like the BBC as it is also broadcast to all types of television, but features one more type which is Internet Protocol Television. IPTV is different from systems such as analogue, digital, satellite and cable as it relies on an internet connection to stream TV channels, details of which can be found on IPTV’s website (Source). It is also not fully digital yet, but eventually will be in the digital switchover. Just like the BBC, it is also streamed online through its own website and video player, ‘ITVplayer’. Unlike the BBC, it streams programmes from the company that have been on in the past week including programmes that are currently on air and that were on earlier, helping the company reach a wider audience in the hope of attracting more advertisers which will in turn generate more profit for the company. Regulations Regulations are legal guidelines created by an authority to help make sure the things that the public are exposed to through the media industry are not offensive or cause any sort of harm to them. They are important because without them, the public would not have anyone stand up for their rights. They are two different television regulators in the UK, The ASA and Ofcom. The Advertising Standards Authority is responsible for regulating adverts. Their role is to ensure that advertisements released are legal, decent, honest and truthful by complying with their Advertising Code. Their role is important when it comes to advertising as the UK’s economy gains huge sums of money in terms of advertising revenue, gaining over ? 20 billion in 2010 alone. Advertisers are created to persuade us to buy a product or service. Giving this much power to big companies who will try to manipulate our thoughts needs to be regulated as it would be unethical for people, especially vulnerable to be manipulated. The ASA has helped ban a number of adverts that may have caused certain issues for example, the XBOX 360 advert ‘Standoff’. In the advert, we see a man walking through what seems to be a busy train station and then making eye contact with a business man coming towards him. They walk past each other but turn back to keep eye contact and face one another. Both imitate guns with their hands and point them at each other, causing the business man’s friend to hold his hand up in a gun-like position towards their ‘opponent’, which in turn makes someone else point the gun at his friend ending up with everyone holding their hands up as guns pointed at someone else. The man acts as if he’d just fired a gun saying â€Å"bang† aloud, causing the whole of the train station to start ‘firing’ at one another and people acting as if they’d been shot and falling to the ground, ending with their slogan â€Å"Jump In†. Looking at the ASA’s Advertising Codes (Source), in my opinion this advertisement was banned due to not complying with section 4. 4: ‘Advertisements must not include material that is likely to condone or encourage behaviour that prejudices health and safety. ’ The way in which Windows, the company behind XBOX Live, has failed to meet this requirement is by suggesting that it is acceptable to go outside and randomly start shooting at people. The only difference between the real world and the game world is that in the game world, you have the ability to come back to life if you were shot with a gun, whereas in reality if someone were to get hold of a gun and shoot you, the chances of you actually surviving would be pretty slim. The advertisers have not taken into consideration public safety which would be at risk if some people were to take this advertisement a little too seriously and bring real guns into the equation. I believe the ASA were right to ban this advertisement as I fully agree that it could lead to violence. Another example of an advertisement not meeting the ASA’s requirements is ‘The Cut’ which is an appeal for charity Women’s Aid. In the advert, we see Keira Knightly leaving a movie set on her way home late at night. She seems to be in a good mood up until we see her in the car, wiping off all off her make-up then reaching her home and stepping out the car. Looking up at the balcony, we can see a mysterious male figure. She goes upstairs and walks into her apartment, looking for her partner. A mirror is broken and there is blood on the floor. He walks into the room and she notices his hand and hands him a towel, but he throws it back in her face. She then says â€Å"Sorry, we didn’t agree to that. It wasn’t on the script† Her partner then abruptly punches her in the face and she falls to the ground. He then grabs her by the hair and starts to kick her in the stomach repeatedly as it zooms out from what we now see is a movie set with train tracks leading out. This did not meet the Advertising Code as it fails to comply with the ASA regulations in Section 16 (Source): â€Å"These rules are intended to prevent the abuse of people’s charitable impulses. Charity advertisements or advertisements that feature charities should treat with care and digression any subjects likely to arouse strong emotions. Although audiences are generally more tolerant of potentially distressing treatments when the objectives of an advertisement are charitable, sensitivity is nevertheless required especially in relation to younger audiences. † ASA Section 16 This advertisement did have a powerful message to convey about the importance of how domestic violence is becoming a big issue in the UK, but the way in which they had shown it was not sensitive towards the audience. The way the man had physically abused the actress, as well as the way it was shown was very graphic in a sense that many people are not used to seeing such violent behaviour, making them feel uneasy at seeing this advert. This would be the case particularly for anyone seeing the advert who had experienced any kind of violence. This advertisement was banned from airing on British television, but can still be viewed online on major video streaming websites such as YouTube. Again, I feel the ASA were right to ban this advert as the subject was not treated with enough sensitivity. Ofcom is the British communications regulator. They are responsible for regulating the content of TV programmes and radio shows as well as fixed line telecoms, mobiles and the airwaves in which wireless devices operate. They were created to make sure that the public can obtain the best from their communications services and are protected from unsuitable material that may harm, offend or persuade people to commit certain crimes or do certain things in a way television might. It is funded through the fees that media companies must pay if they are fined by Ofcom, and is also has government aid through a grant-in-aid. They are accountable to parliament and have the authority to enforce the regulation laws for television and radio programmes. An example of when Ofcom has had to investigate a complaint large number of complaints was during the 2010 X Factor final which was shown on ITV. In the live episode, ITV showed Rihanna dressed in incredibly short, tight shorts and a bra-like top. Furthermore the dance moves she performed were fairly sexual for public viewing before the watershed. Ofcom received over 1,000 complaints for the final causing an investigation to begin. In the end, Ofcom had came to the conclusion that ITV were not in breach of their codes, but because of the high number of complaints, Ofcom created new guidelines for broadcasters which outlined that they needed them to be more careful when to showing live content such music videos before the 9PM watershed as children and teenagers would be watching. (Source). In conclusion, I believe that both the BBC and ITV are effective broadcasters as they cater to the needs of their audiences well through delivering pure entertainment on ITV, and also airing informative and educational shows on the BBC. However, in my opinion the BBC is the better broadcaster as they regularly stick to their regulators rules and also cater to such a wide audience, unlike ITV who mainly seem to care about a mainstream audience because of their needs in terms of their advertisers. This was shown when they had not taken into consideration their younger audiences of the X Factor by exposing them to inappropriate things that they should not be subjected to due to the watershed. I think they did not consider their younger viewers sensitivity but considered only the popularity of the artist they were showing in order to pull in the largest possible audience thereby bringing in advertising revenue. I will still watch both channels, but I will mainly stick to the BBC as I feel I can trust them more now, knowing that they actually are regulated as a public service broadcaster by a board of governors to care about their viewing audience. I have learnt quite a lot of useful information whilst undertaking research for this analysis, such as how systems and technologies work, the main regulators of our TV media content and advertising as well as understanding the ownerships of these broadcasters and how they gain their income, giving me an insight into why they choose to air certain programmes and such. GRADE AWARDED D1: To comprehensively explain the structure of the television and video industry with elucidated examples and consistently using subject terminology correctly D1: learners will talk about the structure of the television and video industry in such a way as to show how why it is structured the way it is. Learners will develop ideas critically (ie, compare, assess and discriminate) and draw out of an example precisely what it is about it that exemplifies the point it illustrates. For example, using the BBC as a case study, a learner might explain, how it is structured in terms of its role as a public service provider, giving examples of how the broadcaster conforms to its public service remit to ‘educate, inform and entertain,’ and fully explaining how these examples illustrate the public service remit in operation. The learner might then also explore how the BBC is constrained by regulation and is pressured by increasing competition from the commercial sector. Learners will explain the differences between methods of funding with clear reference to the Broadcasting Act 1990. They will explain the regulation of the industry with reference to detailed illustrative examples of self-regulation in action and cases where the external regulators have intervened, elucidating these examples in such a way as to clearly show how they demonstrate the regulation of the industry.